The aim of the article is an attempt at offering an insight into the notion of HRM effectiveness at the organizational level. The article begins with an attempt at providing the definition of HRM effectiveness. While presenting the multidimensionality and the complex nature of the discussed construct, the next step involved an overview of the empirical research on HRM effectiveness. Based on the above, the nature and causes of effective HRM was discussed. Then it was attempted to identify HRM effectiveness measures. The article is concluded with the HRM processes, which are of key importance for understanding the way in which organizations are able to maximize HRM effectiveness.