The article addresses the problem of the universal perception of the environment of a modern business organization, such as an enterprise, concerning a rational and effective perception of the situation in the turbulent environment of this organization. The work presents a model of a universal unit of reality, a that is a theoretical construct, mainly related to Ludwig von Bertalanffy's general systems theory and the evolutionary epistemology of Karl R. Popper. This unit was named as a model of the organizational system. Its basic elements, such as structure and relations, have been identified, as well as the logic of its functioning, including the logic of its quantitative and qualitative development. The concept of the spiral model of organizational system development as well as the concept of the qualitative evolution model were presented. It is assumed that using the elaborated model will be possible to explain the causes of phenomena as well as the mechanisms of events that occur in the turbulent environment of a modern business organization, allowing for more effective management of this organization.