An opportunity is a situation that is favorable for an organization in achieving its objectives. Situations that arise in the environment are created by events in the environment, and whether a situation is favorable or not depends on the available or possessed potential and resources of the company. Events are observed within the functions of individual organizational units. This paper examines how organizational structures change in the R&D, procurement, marketing, and financial functions and their assignment to organizational units. It also analyses the trends of changes in organizational structures that occur as the size of the firm decreases and the relationship of the forms of organizational structures to the identification of market opportunities. This relationship was analyzed in terms of the following types of organizational structures: linear structure, functional structure, linear-functional structure, Struktura organizacyjna a poszukiwanie okazji rynkowych 203 staff-linear structure, integrated division structure, divisional structure, collegial structure, link structure, task structure, matrix structure, tensor structure, hybrid structure, process structure, network structure, and virtual structure. The relationship between the forms of organizational structures and the identification of market opportunities is a contribution to the theory of organizational structures, which is rather modestly described in the literature.